Systematic Assessment of Antiviral Potency, Breadth, and Synergy of Triple Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Combinations against Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Viruses.

TitleSystematic Assessment of Antiviral Potency, Breadth, and Synergy of Triple Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Combinations against Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Viruses.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2021
AuthorsBerendam SJ, Styles TM, Morgan-Asiedu PK, Tenney DA, Kumar A, Obregon-Perko V, Bar KJ, Saunders KO, Santra S, De Paris K, Tomaras GD, Chahroudi A, Permar SR, Amara RR, Fouda GG
JournalJ Virol
Volume95
Issue3
Date Published2021 Jan 13
ISSN1098-5514
KeywordsAnimals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity, Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies, env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV Antibodies, Humans, Immunization, Passive, Mutation, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
Abstract

Daily burden and clinical toxicities associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) emphasize the need for alternative strategies to induce long-term human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remission upon ART cessation. Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) can both neutralize free virions and mediate effector functions against infected cells and therefore represent a leading immunotherapeutic approach. To increase potency and breadth, as well as to limit the development of resistant virus strains, it is likely that bNAbs will need to be administered in combination. It is therefore critical to identify bNAb combinations that can achieve robust polyfunctional antiviral activity against a high number of HIV strains. In this study, we systematically assessed the abilities of single bNAbs and triple bNAb combinations to mediate robust polyfunctional antiviral activity against a large panel of cross-clade simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs), which are commonly used as tools for validation of therapeutic strategies targeting the HIV envelope in nonhuman primate models. We demonstrate that most bNAbs are capable of mediating both neutralizing and nonneutralizing effector functions against cross-clade SHIVs, although the susceptibility to V3 glycan-specific bNAbs is highly strain dependent. Moreover, we observe a strong correlation between the neutralization potencies and nonneutralizing effector functions of bNAbs against the transmitted/founder SHIV CH505. Finally, we identify several triple bNAb combinations comprising of CD4 binding site-, V2-glycan-, and gp120-gp41 interface-targeting bNAbs that are capable of mediating synergistic polyfunctional antiviral activities against multiple clade A, B, C, and D SHIVs.IMPORTANCE Optimal bNAb immunotherapeutics will need to mediate multiple antiviral functions against a broad range of HIV strains. Our systematic assessment of triple bNAb combinations against SHIVs will identify bNAbs with synergistic, polyfunctional antiviral activity that will inform the selection of candidate bNAbs for optimal combination designs. The identified combinations can be validated in vivo in future passive immunization studies using the SHIV challenge model.

DOI10.1128/JVI.01667-20
Alternate JournalJ Virol
PubMed ID33177194
PubMed Central IDPMC7925105
Grant ListT32 AI007392 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States
P51 OD011132 / OD / NIH HHS / United States
T32 AI074492 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States
U19 AI109633 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States
P01 AI131276 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States